The neurophysiological processes reflecting body illusions such as the rubber hand remain debated. Previous studies investigating the neural responses evoked by the illusion-inducing stimulation have provided diverging reports as to when these responses reflect the illusory state of the artificial limb becoming embodied. One reason for these diverging reports may be that different studies contrasted different experimental conditions to isolate potential correlates of the illusion, but individual contrasts may reflect multiple facets of the adopted experimental paradigm and not just the illusory state. To resolve these controversies, we recorded EEG responses in human participants and combined multivariate (cross-)classification with multiple Illusion and non-Illusion conditions. These conditions were designed to probe for markers of the illusory state that generalize across the spatial arrangements of limbs or the specific nature of the control object (a rubber hand or participantβs real hand), hence which are independent of the precise experimental conditions used as contrast for the illusion. Our results reveal a parcellation of evoked responses into a temporal sequence of events. Around 125 and 275βms following stimulus onset, the neurophysiological signals reliably differentiate the illusory state from non-Illusion epochs. These results consolidate previous work by demonstrating multiple neurophysiological correlates of the rubber hand illusion and illustrate how multivariate approaches can help pinpointing those that are independent of the precise experimental configuration used to induce the illusion.
Word classification based on MEG activity regardless of
Intracranial Cortical Responses during VisualβTactile Integration
A canonical setup to elicit the rubber hand illusion. The
Alpha Activity Reflects the Magnitude of an Individual Bias in
PDF) What Is It Like to Have a Body?
Temporal dynamics of the Rubber Hand Illusion
That's Near My Hand! Parietal and Premotor Coding of Hand-Centered
Figure 1 from The use of realistic and mechanical hands in the
Disintegration of Multisensory Signals from the Real Hand Reduces
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PDF) Attenuation of sensory processing in the primary somatosensory cortex during rubber hand illusion
Steady state visual evoked potentials reveal a signature of the
Experimental paradigm. All participants performed 12 blocks, lasting ~
A temporal parcellation of the sensory-evoked responses during the
Defensive activation during the rubber hand illusion: Ownership versus proprioceptive drift